摘要：
为探讨睡莲属（Nymphaea）花粉形态特征及其在分类学的意义，以睡莲属5个亚属和2个跨亚属共 113个种或品种花粉为材料，使用扫描电镜对其花粉形态进行观察研究。结果表明：（1）睡莲属植物花粉粒均为单粒，辐射对称，中等大小（10.05~37.04） μm×（21.96~64.83） μm。（2）86份睡莲花粉萌发沟为赤道环槽，23份为远极环槽，4份为远极单槽。（3）花粉外壁纹饰包括平滑型、微疣、粗糙型、瘤状和棒状纹饰型、具小窝型。（4）113份睡莲种质共聚为5个类群，其中广温带亚属萌发沟以远极环槽为主，外壁纹饰以瘤状和棒状为主，可以区别于其他亚属。研究认为，睡莲属不同亚属和跨亚属植物花粉大小、萌发沟类型、外壁纹饰存在一定差异，可以作为分类的辅助参考指标，为睡莲种质亲缘关系及系统发育研究提供孢粉学依据。
关键词:
睡莲属,
花粉微形态,
扫描电镜,
聚类分析
Abstract:
To explore the pollen morphological characteristics of Nymphaea and their taxonomic significance， the pollen of 113 species or cultivars from five subgenera and two trans-subgeneric hybrids of Nymphaea were used as materials and their pollen morphological characters were observed by scanning electron microscope. The results showed that： （1）The pollen of Nymphaea were all single grains， radially symmetric， and medium size（10.05-37.04） μm×（21.96-64.83） μm. （2）Among them， the pollen germination troughs of Nymphaea in 86 samples were zonoporate， 23 samples were anazonoporate， and 4 samples were anacolpate. （3）The pollen exine ornamentation included smooth， micro verrucous， rough， nodular， baculate， and caveola type. （4）The 113 samples of Nymphaea germplasms were clustered into five groups， of which the subgenus Nymphaea was characterized primarily by anazonoporate germination trough and nodular and baculate exine ornamentation， distinguished it from other subgenera. In conclusion， there were some differences in pollen size， germination trough type， and exine ornamentation among different subgenera and trans-subgeneric hybrids of Nymphaea， which might serve as auxiliary reference indicators for classification and provided palynological evidence for the study of genetic and phylogenetic relationship of Nymphaea.
Key words:
Nymphaea,
pollen micromorphology,
scanning electron microscope,
cluster analysis
中图分类号:
S683.32
引用本文
尹丹丹, 魏豪辉, 吴倩. 睡莲种质花粉形态特征[J]. 植物研究, 2025, 45(2): 287-298.
Dandan YIN, Haohui WEI, Qian WU. Studies on Pollen Morphological Characteristics of Nymphaea Germplasm[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2025, 45(2): 287-298.
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链接本文:
https://bbr.nefu.edu.cn/CN/10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2025.02.014
https://bbr.nefu.edu.cn/CN/Y2025/V45/I2/287